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Recent studies have indicated that HDAC
2022-02-12
Recent studies have indicated that HDAC and BRD4 are associated with similar biological phenotypes related to cancer and combination of the HDAC inhibitor LBH589 and BET inhibitor I-BET151 synergistically induces apoptosis of melanoma cells [20], [21]. Moreover, combination of Panobinostat and (+)-J
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This study does have important limitations to consider
2022-02-12
This study does have important limitations to consider. The utilization of a recombinant gp120 monomer (at a single concentration of 100 ng/ml) instead of live virus particles may limit the validity of our results. Moreover, extrapolation of an in vitro cell culture model to animals or humans cannot
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Materials and methods Standard curve for
2022-02-12
Materials and methods Standard curve for methylglyoxal. Different concentrations (10, 25, 50, and 100μM) of pure MG (Sigma) were derivatized with 1,2-diaminobenzene and the absorbance of the resulting derivative was read by Cary 50 Bio UV-Visible spectrophotometer (Varian). One milliliter of total
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An alternative to the chemoenzymatic
2022-02-12
An alternative to the chemoenzymatic preparation of glycoproteins is the production through total chemical synthesis or semi-synthesis [2,3,]. Many successful glycoprotein syntheses are based on native chemical ligation (NCL) [11], a reaction where unprotected peptides and glycopeptides of any lengt
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Young et al described the role
2022-02-12
Young et al. [40] described the role of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the translocation of GLUT4 in the heart. The AMPK is activated during muscle contraction [74] by converting AMP to ATP. The adenosine analog, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), is a c
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With the advent of genome sequencing hexokinase gene sequenc
2022-02-12
With the advent of genome sequencing, hexokinase gene sequences are now available from a far greater number of vertebrate species, as well as from diverse non-vertebrate animal species. As indicated above, searches of vertebrate genome sequences revealed the existence of a novel fifth member of the
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br Introduction Glucose homeostasis is primarily regulated b
2022-02-12
Introduction Glucose homeostasis is primarily regulated by the hormones insulin and glucagon, secreted from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Although insulin produced by β cox inhibitor is the blood glucose-lowering hormone, glucagon secreted from α cells acts as the major counter-regulatory
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2022-02-12
Materials and methods Results Discussion Employment of GIPR signaling, specifically the direction of this manipulation, as a strategy to improve body weight remains a contentious subject of intense scientific investigation [22], [32], [33]. Despite the physiological benefits of GIP on L-NMM
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br Conclusions br Acknowledgments This study was supported b
2022-02-12
Conclusions Acknowledgments This study was supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 31360245, 31460258) and the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province of China (2011FZ111). Introduction Acute myocardial infarction is the undoubted cause o
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Recently Bristol Myers Squibb and Merck
2022-02-12
Recently, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Merck reported their GPR40 agonist research focused on the modification of α,β-position of phenylpropionic Imiquimod hydrochloride synthesis derivatives. For example, in recent published patent applications, Bristol-Myers Squibb claimed the pyrrolidine and dihydro
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br Results br Discussion Impaired BBB functions evoke
2022-02-11
Results Discussion Impaired BBB functions evoke vasogenic edema, which elevates intracranial pressure and leads to a life-threatening condition (Sperk, 1994, Unterberg et al., 2004, Simard et al., 2007). In addition, vasogenic edema formation results in the worsen consequence contributing to p
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As an inflammatory mediator histamine plays
2022-02-11
As an inflammatory mediator, histamine plays a pivotal role in nociceptive processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems (Gemkow et al., 2009; Hough & Rice, 2011; Tiligada et al., 2009). In this respect, the participation of H3Rs in modulating pain, especially neuropathic pain, has at
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br Conflicts of interest br Significance p
2022-02-11
Conflicts of interest Significance p53 is required for the induction of cell senescence to limit the proliferation of polyploid cells. We found that Hippo signal deficiency or Yap activation in mouse livers result in polyploid formation and polyploid cell growth. The combined loss of Hippo sig
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Introduction Heme is an important
2022-02-11
Introduction Heme is an important small molecule and an essential cofactor for a variety of enzymes (George, 1948; Morrison and Stotz, 1954; Maehly, 1952; Igo et al., 1961). During cellular respiration, heme populates cytochromes and serves as an electron acceptor in the electron transport chain (M
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HCV NS A inhibits induction of the type
2022-02-11
HCV NS3/4A inhibits induction of the type I interferon response by cleaving MAVS from the mitochondrial surface (Li et al., 2005b). MAVS is cleaved at cysteine 508, and BV6 of cysteine 508 to arginine (C508R) abrogates cleavage (Li et al., 2005b). GBV-B and the related canine hepatitis virus also c
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